The effect of adding turmeric and artemisia herba powder to ration on productive performance of white laying hens

The study was aimed to improve the productive performance of white laying hens, using two types of medicinal herbs, including turmeric and Artemisia Herba. In the experiment 63 laying hens (white shevar) were used at an age of 24 weeks, hens were divided randomly in to three treatment 21 hens pre treatment with 3 replicate of 7 hens per replicate. A standard ration was used without any addition, which was considered as the control treatment (T1), the basic ration, plus turmeric powder (0.5%) (T2), while the treatment (T3) represented the basic ration plus Artemisia Herba powder by 0.5%. The study included the measurements of egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and egg mass. The results showed a significant improvement (P<0.05) in the characteristics of egg production ratio, feed conversion ratio and egg mass for the treatment with the addition of Artemisia Herba flower (T3) compared with other treatments, and significant decrease (P<0.05) in the amount of feed consumed (T2, T3) as compared with the control treatment (T1), while the results did not show any significant differences to addition of turmeric to the ration (T2) in the productive performance as compared to the control treatment. It was concluded from that the addition of Artemisia Herba to the ration resulted in a significant improvement in most of the productive performance of laying hens as compared to other treatments.

, reported that curcuminoids of phenolic compounds found in the roots of Turmeric are Constitute a known benefit In their impact on health and susceptibility to disease protection.In the East Asian rhizomes of Turmeric it possesses natural medical substances including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and analgesic activities because they contain Moniterpenoids, Sesquiterpenoid and curcuminoids (5,6).Negi et al. (7) explained that the oil extract of turemeric oleoresin contains ar-Tumerone, Tumerone and Curlone, and its effectiveness against the microbes was observed by the pure dish method, especially Bacillus Cereus, Bacillus Coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeroginosa.Durrani et al. (8) showed significant improvement (P<0.01) in body weight, weight gain and feed efficiency conversion with a significant decrease in the amount of feed consumed when adding 0.5% of Turmeric to the final ration of Broiler.Mehala et al. (9) did not noticed any significant differences from adding Turmeric to the broiler, While Musa (10) did not found significant differences in the production performance of laying hens as a result of adding Turmeric to the ration by 0.5 and 1% compared to the control treatment, so the addition of turmeric to the ration by 2 and 4% there is no indication in the production performance of laying hens (11).Artemisia Herba is attributed to the Asteraceae family (12).In general, Artemisia Herba is a long-standing herbaceous herb (13) and all types of Artemisia Herba produce aromatic oils (14).Artemisia is well known in Popular medicine, where it is used in treatment of diseases of the digestive system and respiratory and reproductive (15) and the most famous types are Cina, Annua, Absiuthium, Abrucanum, Vulgaris, Capillaris (16).The studies carried out have recorded the efficacy of Artemisia Herba extracts and the essential oil of anti-bacterial, fungal and parasitic hens (17), the researcher explained (18) antibacterial activity for a number of herbal extracts and shows the effectiveness of the essential oil of the herb against positive and negative bacteria for the chrom dye.explanation (19) The addition flowered Flowers of Artemisia Herba to a Broiler ration taken a significant effect in reducing the number of total air bacteria and numbers of colon bacteria in Intestines broiler.Also notice Nuri (20) the addation of Artemisia Herba powder into the ration by 0.25 and 0.5% gave a significantly improved the productivity of Broiler, Artemisia Herba possesses many effective antifungal compounds such as 1-butty 1-ether,1-pupy1-ether Artemisia, 1-8 cinol, Artemisia These substances have shown a clear effect against many important parasite such as Toxoplasma, Babesia, Eimeria (21).Artemisia Herba herb contains the substance of santotonin, which is used naturally to kill infectious worms, especially Asciriskar (1).The addition of Artemisia Herba powder to broiler at high temperature did not improve the productive performance, while the overall health of the birds improved by reducing stress factors on birds (22).While no practical study is expected for this herb in the production performance of laying hens.
This study was conducted to know the effect of Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba to the bush in the production performance of white laying hens.

Materials and methods
This experiment was conducted in Poultry farm of the branch of public health/ college of Veterinary medicine/ University of Fallujah for 112 days on 4 periods each period (28 days) from 1/4/2017 until 21/7/2017, 63 white laying hens (Shevar white strain, aged 24 week).Hens were divided randomly into three treatments 21 hens per treatment with 3 replicate of 7 hens per replicate.The treatment were divided as to: Treatment 1: reared on basic ration only (control), Treatment 2: reared on basic ration supplemented 0.5% Turmeric powder, Treatment 3: reared on basic ration supplemented 0.5% Artemisia Herba powder.
The hens were reared in the building containing 9 (Pen) dimensions of the 1.5 x 1 m to become the area of each one 1.5 m 2 .Each pen represents an experimental unit, and supplied with water plastic container and a suspended plastic circular feeder.The hall was equipped with two air ventilators and used two 2500 m 3 air coolers during the summer period, fodder for laying hens was provided according to the program followed by the company producing chicken throughout the experiment.The eggs were collected daily, and table (1) shows the composition of ration used in the experiment.The lighting program was 16 hours light and 8 hours of darkness a day (16 hours light starts from 6 am to 10 pm), and the temperature was different during the months of the experiment as shown in Table (2).Chicken has been subjected to the necessary protective vaccination program, The flock was given Group of vitamin AD3E at a rate of 1 ml/ 2 L water once every two weeks and throughout the trial period.

Studied parameters
The effects of adding Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba flowers to the ration on production performance of laying hens were evaluated by measuring; egg production, egg weight, feed consumed, the feed conversion ratio and the egg mass.The data were statistically analyzed using the SAS (23) porgram and using Complete Randomize Design in data analysis.The differences between the treatments were tested by using the multiple ranged Duncan test (24) and P<0.05 and P<0.01.

Results and discussion
Table (3) indicates the effect of addition of Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba flowers to the laying hens ration in the average egg production (H.D%) to the existence of significant differences between the treatments, Where observed there was a significant superiority (P<0.05) for the addition of Artemisia Herba by 0.5% (T3) and control (T1) on the addition of Turmeric (T2) by 0.5% during the first period 28 days (T3) significantly (P<0.05) on the addition of Turmeric (T2) and control (T1) during second period, third and fourth period of poultry breeding.The addition of Artemisia Herba (T3) was significantly improved (P<0.05) on the control treatments (T1) and the addition of Artemisia Herba (T3) with egg production rate for treatment 86.99, 79.00 and 78.92%, respectively.These results agree with (10) that the addition of turmeric did not significantly affect the production of eggs.As shown in Table (4), the effect of adding Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba to the laying hens ration in the mean weight of eggs (gm) indicates no significant differences between the treatments during the four periods, the average mean weight of eggs.(T1, T2, T3) 55.84, 55.89 and 55.75 gm respectively.These results agree with (10) that the addition of turmeric by 0,5% and (11) that the addition of turmeric by 2, 4% to the ration did not significantly affect the of egg weight.
Table (5) showed the effect of addition of Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba flowers on feed of the laying hens.The feed consumption ratio showed significant differences between the treatments.A significant increase (P<0.05) for the control treatment (T1) was observed on the addition of Turmeric (T2) by 0.5% and treatment of Artemisia Herba by 0.5% (T3) during the first, second and third periods of Breeding of birds, While there were no significant differences between different treatments during the fourth period of laying hens breeding in the rate of consumption feed.The control treatment (T1) was significantly showed a higher differences (P<0.05) for the addition of Turmeric (T2) by 0.5% and the treatment of Artemisia Herba by 0.5% (T3) Feeding consumption for treatments equal 100.27, 94.89 and 93.40 gm respectively.These results different with the researcher (10,11) who indicated that there are no significant differences in average feed consumption when addition of turmeric to the ration.
Table (6) showed the effect of addition of Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba flowers to the laying hens ration in feed conversion ratio to the existence of significant differences between treatments.There was a significant improvement (P< 0.05) for the addition of Artemisia Herba to the broiler (T3) as compared with control treatments and the addition of Turmeric to the ration (T1, T2) during different breeding periods, It was also noticed that there were significant differences between the treatments in the general mean.There was a significant improvement (P<0.05) for the addition of Artemisia Herba to the ration (T3), which had a conversion ratio of 1.93 compared with control and Turmeric powder Which was the feed conversion factor of 2.26 and 2.15 respectively.These results was agree with the researcher (10,11) who indicated that there are no significant differences in feed conversion ratio when addition of turmeric to the ration.
Table (7) indicates the effect of adding Turmeric powder and Artemisia Herba flowers to laying hens ration in the form of the mass of eggs (gm) to the existence of significant differences between different treatments.The table showed significant increase (P<0.05) for the addition of Artemisia Herba to the ration (T3) as compared with the control and Turmeric treatments to the ration (T2, T1) during different breeding periods.The same table showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the general effect of egg mass, with the treatment of adding Artemisia Herba to the ration the value of the egg mass reached 48.49 g on the control treatments and the addition of Turmeric powder to the ration equal 44.23 and 44.11 gm respectively.These results was agree with the researcher (10,11) who indicated that there are no significant differences in egg mass when addition of turmeric to the ration.The reduced amount of feed consumed for laying hens during the period of breeding when adding Turmeric to the ration might be due to the active substances in Turmeric, which has an antioxidant activity (26,27) which stimulate protein synthesis by the enzymatic system of birds (3) Turmeric also possesses on effective anti-bacterial and inflammatory properties (6) and is characterized by its effectiveness against microbes, especially phylococcus aureusSta, E.coli and Psedomononas (7).This is reflected positively on the health status of birds through their ability to balance the content of the microbiology of the digestive system, which makes better use of feed by the bird than it is for the microorganisms living in that area in its natural state (28,29), Turmeric possesses substances that are clearly effective in influencing innate toxins resulting from Parasiticus Aspergillus through its effect on the causative postively (30) and therefore improving the nutritional value of ration.The significant improvement of the productive qualities of laying hens feed on a ration supplemented with Artemisia Herbha powder may return to flavonoids, it is one of the active compounds in the herb which have a vital and important role by improving the metabolic and health status of the body, and reducing the risk of disease.and these compounds are highly effective antioxidants, leading to the protection of some representative materials by elimination of free radicals and their histological effect (31,32), as well as containing Artemisia Herba on the components of Bitter, which urges the secretions of the salivary glands and digestive organs in their secretions leading to improved digestion and subsequent nutrient uptake (16).other factors that have improved the productive properties of layering hens contain Artemisia herb Herba pilot oil (abrotanin and tannic acid)) which support gastrointestinal function due to increased gastrointestinal and gastric secretions (33), studies have also shown that Turmeric has anti-bacterial, parasitic and fungal effect (17).The (19) confirmed that the herb of Artemisia Herba flowers had a significant effect in reducing the number of harmful bacteria in the intestines of Broiler.It was concluded that the addition of the Artemisia Herba powder to the ration resulted in an improvement in the production performance of white laying hens, while the addition of turmeric resulted in a significant decrease in the amount of feed consumed.

Table 1 :
Composition of experimental ration

Table 2 :
Maximum and minimum temperature(c°) inside the hall for the experimental periods

Table 4 :
Effect of treatments on egg weight (gm) (mean±SE)

Table 5 :
Effect of treatments on feed consumption (gm/hens/day) (mean±SE) The various small letters indicate significant differences between the treatments at the level (P< 0.05).

Table 6 :
Effect of treatments on n feed conversion ratio (mean±SE)

Table 7 :
Effect of treatments on egg mass (gm) (mean±SE)